Thursday, June 17, 2010

Rural Roots – Rural Routes – Ontario Heritage Conference – Ridgetown ON, June 11-13 2010


From the one day of sessions I attended (Saturday), a message emerged:
the goal of the Architectural Conservancy of Ontario needs to be preserving communities, not just buildings.

The two keynote speakers I heard –James Lindberg, Director of Preservation Initiatives for the American National Trust for Historic Preservation, and Jennifer Sumner, Assistant Professor at OISE, talked about ways to preserve rural communities.

Lindberg's emphasis was more on building preservation, realizing that it's hard to save isolated barns, much easier to preserve them if they become reused in some way. He talked about two of PreservatioNation's Rural Heritage Pilot Programs in the Kentucky Heartland and Arkansas Delta. Building preservation is but one element of a comprehensive approach.

Sumner wrote a book about the impacts of globalization on rural communities, and has continued to do reseach on organic farming. Organic Farming started as a values-based movement in Britain in 1926. Practitioners espouse environmental and economic values; some also believe in social justice, which raises concerns about huge organic factory farms which employ lowly paid migrant labour. Fair Trade Organic Farms are starting to emerge in B.C.

She interviewed 41 organic farmers across Canada, ranging from large corporate enterprises to one-acre plots. She concluded that organic farmers make substantial contributions to the social and economic development of communities -- they tend to get involved in community organizations and events, local politics, etc. Thus, this sector could really assist in the preservation of rural heritage.



I attended a fabulous workshop convened by Ontario Heritage Trust
Preservation through Transformation: Highgate United Church as a case study in adaptive reuse.

This church will be deconsecrated in July. The community is actively seeking ways to keep the architecturally significant, round, Romanesque Revival Nonconformist church open (one of few remaining, very well preserved, examples of the Akron plan for Sunday School rooms).

In the morning a panel of consultants -- James Knight, Heritage Engineer, Mark Warrack, Heritage Planner, Barry Stephenson, WLU Professor of Religion and Culture -- shared their starting points when approaching an adaptive reuse project like this. They listed questions a community like Highgate should ask professionals like themselves.

In the afternoon, Mike Marcalongo, a community economic development expert at OMAFRA, and three heritage architects: Peter Stewart of George Robb Architects, and Michael McClelland and Andrew Pruss for E.R.A, shared ideas about sources of assistance, and possible approaches, based on their experience with other adaptive reuse projects.

It was a fascinating day, and I was really impressed with the Ontario Heritage Trust staff who organized and ran the workshop: Beth Hanna, Sean Fraser, Erin Semande.


The Ridgetown conference had a very different focus, and feel, from the 2009 event in Peterborough. Both were great, and I fully intend to attend next year's Ontario Heritage Conference in Cobourg's restored Victoria Hall.


OLITA Digital Odyssey 2010 - 10 June 2010 - Going Mobile

Once again, OLITA’s Digital Odyssey was a winner.

Keynote speaker Jason Griffey, author of a recent book, Mobile Technology and Libraries, gave compelling statistics on why libraries must “go mobile”.

  • 4.1 billion people on the planet have cellphones.
  • In 50 countries, there are more cellphones than people.
  • (But not yet in Canada: cell penetration rate is 67% (2/3 as many cellphones as people – Canadian Wireless Technology Association 2010 Wireless Facts & Figures)
  • Texting is by far the most popular communication channel: twice as many people text as use email (Pew Internet Research September 2009)
  • People expect to be able to access an organization’s services from their mobile device.

How should libraries reach mobile users?

Developing applications for a specific device is a popular strategy. BUT the marketplace changes rapidly. Currently Apple dominates -- 490,000 use the iPhone platform. But Google's Android smartphone is outselling iPhone, due to its wider coverage over multiple carriers with multiple devices.

Amanda Etches-Johnson (below) advocates designing (differently) for mobile - slightly different approach.



What's ahead? "The future is already here, it's just not evenly distributed" - William Gibson

  • Griffey showed us some cool devices, e.g. Autonet Mobile, which turns your cell signal into WiFi in your car, and MiFi, which turns your cellphone into WiFi -- you become a walking WiFi hotspot!

  • 4G networks will move the world on to mobile. 4G capacity is 100-350 Mbps (our fibre network delivers about 55 Mbps, our wireless around 15 Mpbs, our Rogers around 1.5 Mbps) compared to 3G which is around 5Mbps. 4G is available in parts of Vancouver; Verizon is building a 4G network in the US. HTC EVO is a 4G smartphone cum WiFi router.

  • Tablets will take off.

  • Touch interfaces will take over, especially once antiglare, dual screen displays like those available from NotionInk become widespread (you can read your screen just as well in bright sun as indoors)


Breakout sessions provided a choice of “how we did it” sessions on GPS and Ebooks (morning) and mobile audio and implementing mobile services at Ryerson University (afternoon).

Ebooks at University of Toronto (Dan D'Agostino) and Toronto Public Library (Joanne Lombardo)
  • Ebook reading style differs greatly depending on whether it's loaded on a PC (people scan it, like they do a web page) or on a E-reader (they read it continuously, like they do a hard copy book)
  • Google editions is "disruptive technology" (meaning it will change the way we do things, in the same way wikipedia was a disruptive technology for the print encyclopedia business)
  • Google editions, and Google's ebook store cuts out the middleman, in this case libraries (and bookstores). An example of dis-intermediation.

  • TPL offers Ebooks from many providers: OverDrive, NetLibrary, Safari (technology books), TumbleBooks
  • Challenges: trying to support multiple devices and platforms; deciding which format[s] to offer a work in
  • TPL is interested in the Blio eReader, because it can switch from text to audio
  • considering Copia, eReader software which provides a collaborative eReading experience

Implementing Mobile Services at Ryerson University

  • surveyed Ryerson students in 2008 and 2009
  • many had smartphones, but weren't using them for Internet due to data charges
  • thus free WiFi (on campus) is very important
  • two programmers + a graphic designer built first mobile site May-Aug 2009, planning took from February to April
  • mobile services, e.g. webpage, catalogue, must be Fast, Obvious, Easy
  • remember hands come in all sizes -- don't make buttons too small
  • strip down to only the relevant information


Two 10-minute “thunder sessions” provided quick looks at emerging technologies – augmented reality and QR codes . Two other thunder sessions focused on early library adopter’s learnings: designing for mobile web devices and mobile reference.

Augmented reality (Fiacre O'Duinn, Hamilton Public Library)

  • Layar - augmented reality browser you can use on your mobile device
  • Fiacre O'Duinn showed very cool app where images of historic photos appeared in the "real" streetscape, as you viewed it through your cameraphone
QR Codes (Sally Wilson, Ryerson Library)

  • QR = Quick Response codes = two-dimensional codes
  • can store large amounts of data, e.g. URLs, phone numbers, textual info
  • can be easily read by mobile devices with free software
  • ideas: put QR codes on signs which link back to blog or library website
  • codes are easy to create

Designing for Mobile (Amanda Etches-Johnson, McMaster Library)

Need to design differently for mobile users (of library website, catalogue, etc). Consider

  • size - very small screens
  • bandwidth - data transfer rate is slow, much slower for mobile than PC. So design elements must be light
  • data plans - unlike Europe where unlimited download is the norm, most Canadian plans have caps
  • UX [User Experience] - think about interaction, usability. Get down to essentials
  • simple design
  • functionality
  • be selective - don't everything from your regular website on your mobile site
  • clickability - need big type, big buttons, most people won't have high motor control. Save keystrokes

Sample mobile library sites which demonstrate good practices. Many of these automatically detect if user is coming to site via mobile. (Since I wasn't, I'm not sure if I have linked to the most up to date version.)

Consider the user. There are three types: 1) repeat user = very important user, needs must be met; 2) urgent - if has a bad experience, will never return = very important user; 3) casual

Protyping is huge. Test, Test, Test.

Mobile Reference

To meet a Stephen Lewis Foundation Dare, MLIS students at University of Toronto I-School developed an on-the-street reference project (and fundraised from students and faculty to support their efforts).

  • Set up a table outside the ROM, took iPhones and other smartphones, and offered to give free answers to questions, for people passing by.
  • Good way to raise awareness of what librarians offer -- most people had no idea they could get free answers from a library.
  • Could be a cool service for us to offer at fairs, Wellesley Home Show, etc.

Sunday, March 21, 2010

Complying with Copyright in a Digital Age

Erin Finlay, Legal Counsel for Access Copyright

To get copyright for a work

  • must be original
  • must be fixed
  • must be a substantial part of the work -- size (amount copied) is not the only issue, but the importance of the segment copied, to the work as whole
  • copyright owners can license others to do things s/he/it could do
  • moral right - sticks to the author, is protected to the integrity of the work by the Berne Convention
  • Not an infringement to make copies of rare works that are lost or damaged
  • Research use is okay, provided the use is fair
  • E.g. private study does not equate to making handing out copies to every student in a class for his/her own "private" study
  • when in doubt -- contact the copyright holder
  • CLA will develop a model copyright license

The Mobile Library

OLA Friday February 26 2010
Amanda Etches-Johnson, McMaster University User Experience Librarian


- already 70% of Canadians have a mobile device, over 100% in many other countries, especially Europe

She started out by comparing mobile vs Internet versions of various library websites
- most create a much simpler, stream-downed version of website -- strip down content, as well as strip out bells and whistles
- one exception was EbscoHost -- had much the same content, just rearranged [slides 21, 22]


Her advice:
  • build thoughtfully -- think about bandwidth, analyse site traffic to see what browsers are coming in to your site
  • UX -- always think about the User eXperience
  • automate/syndicate -- use Content Management Systems CMS to pull content out to mobile and "regular" versions (as opposed to building multiple versions of your website)
  • consider Mobify ["Mobify is a web service that provides a quick way to optimize a site for mobile access"... "Mobify works best with well-formed HTML and predictable URL patterns. Websites based on WordPress, Drupal, ExpressionEngine and most modern CMS solutions are a great match for Mobify"]
  • test - watch users (her favourite usability test) also uses heuristic evaluation, card sorting
  • mobile apps -- she predicts these will die off in 2010, because you will need a different app for each mobile device out there NOTE: this is a very different approach from SirsiDynix's -- kae

Mobile Instruction

  • format matters
  • size matters -- videos are better than small type
  • syndicate
  • SMS -- short message system aka texting - 5 trillion txt msgs in 2010 -- stick this in catalogue for Q&A
  • consider QR codes -- two dimensional barcodes which can be quickly read by phones -- convert URLs into QR codes,

Digital Strategies: OLA Rebecca Jones, Amanda Etches-Johnson, Daniel Lee

The TOP session of OLA, for me this year!

Digital Strategies: Practices and Services
Rebecca Jones [Dysart & Jones Associates], Amanda Etches-Johnson [McMaster University User Experience Librarian], Daniel Lee [Navigator Ltd.]

Rebecca: a strategy is a shift -- not an add-on to what you are already doing. Libraries need to change, adopt new policies

Amanda: Explained her work environment as Tech Skunk Works,
where skunk works is "a group within an organization given a high degree of autonomy and unhampered by bureaucracy, tasked with working on advanced or secret projects."
= died and gone to heaven? -- kae
Her team consists of her, McMaster's User Experience Librarian, + two programmers

Some Principles she recommends following
  • rapid prototyping
  • launch early (and often) -- example 2.0 Toolbox at McMaster -- constantly revising
  • usability testing -- her favourite tool is a pad of paper and a pencil , while she watches users
  • iterative design -- small changes, nothing major, all the time --> test different things. Her slides 21-24 show amazon.com over the past two years -- from then to now, a big change, but done in a series of small steps, so small you would hardly notice it.
  • prioritize based on user needs -- use tools like Google Analytics to gauge these. E.g. she got a complaint about how bad the McMaster site looked on a 1280x766 screen resolution -- but checked and found only 1% of users used this -- so the corrections stopped before they started.
  • look ahead -- e.g. libX toolbar
  • FAIL -- be prepared to fail, throw spaghetti at the wall, see what (if anything) sticks. Example: Google's Lively

These points ring so true to me, lessons I learned from our 2.0 project. We didn't follow all her principles, e.g. rapid prototyping. But we did use iterative design with the teen engagement project -- and we did fail. :-) I think daring to fail is really really hard for librarians. --kae

Daniel Lee: Explained his work environment: fast-paced, crisis-driven organization, focused on "billable time" -- which the library, and his job, is not. ...
His project was to develop a staff wiki -- was driven to it, because mistakes were made, and new people did not implement projects the "Navigator way" -- this created problems for the company.

His tips:
  • watch for an opportunity to launch a digital initiative
  • have a project plan, and get it signed off by senior management
  • have someone in authority supporting the initiative
  • tool[s] should be cheap, easily customizable, good match to user & staff skills
  • "sharepoint - no frickin way"
  • planning is essential
  • keep the plan up to date, revise it as often as needed
  • you need a hook to get staff to use digital tools
  • you'll need to break the e-mail habit -- e.g. only email links to the wiki, don't paste the wiki content into email
  • you'll need to confront -- and overcome -- "learned helplessness" e.g. I can't blog, from people who write emails and Word documents all the time
  • promote comfort -- talk about and show what is not changing -- build from adult education principles

Such great advice, so realistic -- kae

Digital Strategies COSUGI 2010 - David Lee King

David Lee King - Making the Digital Experience Sing

DLK talked about three paths to a great digital experience

Structural Path
Community Path
Customer Path

Structural – create a better web experience by improving ease of use of website. Don’t write functional specs, just build a frame and let customers react to and revise it.
Jessie James Garrett: Elements of Good User Design is a good resource.

Community - have real conversations with users -- face to face, facebook, comments on blogs. Encourage discussions by allowing comments, replying quickly, and setting up RSS feeds.

Customer Journey Mapping: People who buy a car don't usually start in a showroom -- first they have to decide they need a new car! Applying this to libaries, we have to think where are the touchpoints for us with potential 'customers'.

In a catalog search, the example could be like this:
Where is the customer?
What platform are they using?
Where can they find the desired service on our online presence
Do the elements thatwe present to them make sense, or are they explained adequately?

Comments from Kae:

I heard a lot about digital strategies at the OLA and COSUGI conferences. I was most impressed by the session which Amanda Etches-Johnson, Rebecca Jones and Daniel Lee presented at OLA.

I also heard a lot about Mobile Strategies. What struck me was the difference in approaches between Amanda Etches-Johnson and Sirsi-Dynix. SD is putting most of its energy into building mobile apps for popular and fun to use devices. A E-J was focused more on making mobile versions of websites.

COSUGI 2010 notes

COSUGI – Sirsi-Dynix Users Group Conference – Orlando March 3-5 2010

New from SirsiDynix

New learning Management System – keeps track of learning, via
o Self-paced courses
o Hands-on lab , To try this, go to https://sirsidynix.webex.com/ and enter “Hands on Labs” into the Search field at the top of the Training Center tab. Then click on the class that meets your schedule
o Instructor led courses
o Manager mode allows managers to track how each person is progressing
o Subscription costs c $50 per person per year
· RSS feeds can be set up for Client Care or website sections, e.g. Latest FAQs, Known Issues

BookMyne
iPhone app – OLC has installed Web Services on LILY server, so we can offer BookMyne very soon. Users can download for free from iTunes


SD's Mobile Strategy
- "skate where the puck is going, not where it's been" ... Wayne Gretzky

- 16 countries have more than 1 mobile phone per capita , e.g. Germany 130% of population, Hong Kong 150%, vs. USA 89%, Canada 64% per Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_mobile_phones_in_use#cite_note-24
- in Chile, 83% have mobile phones, vs 92% have indoor plumbing
- in Kenya, few have indoor plumbing, but most tradespeople, even in remote villages, have mobile phones, often charged via inexpensive solar panel

We should expect that
- nearly all library patrons will have a movile device in the near future (including old order Mennonites, who may already have them... kae's note)
- most will use those mobile devices for some kind of Internet connectivity
- for many, the mobile devicewill become their primary connection to the Internet

Mobile Devices = cell phones, smart phones (currently 17% of market: e.g. iPhone, Blackberry, Android), E-Readers, Tablets, iPad

Mobile Services Available Now from SirsiDynix
  • mobile-friendly browser interface (available for E-library 3.3.31 and Enterprise 3
  • BookMyne (iPhone Application)
  • RSS feeds - can add RSS "subscribe" button to OPAC search results

Future Mobile Service Possibilities that SD is considering...

  • Reading Recommendations (70% wanted this)
  • BookMyne for Horizon
  • Fine/Fee Payment
  • Text Messages (SMS) for notifications & bib infoR
  • RSS feeds based on user or library-created lists

SirsiDynix strategy = develop apps for devices which are a pleasure to use (e.g. iPhone)and are widely used -- in that order of priority. [Blackberry apps are unlikely, because of usability]

Coming SOON -- OLC plans to upgrade to Symphony 3.3.1 within the month; 3.4 is expected September 2010

W3C Accessibility testing and updates for e-Library (coming with e-Library 3.3.1)

Bill Payment enhancements (in Symphony 3.3.1) -- record library where bill paid, deduct overdue fines from lost bill refund, et al.

Coming in Symphony 3.4 -- scheduled for 3rd quarter 2010
  • power user tools = right click to mark all missing
  • batch data manipulation = change patron/item records in a batch
  • output all reports in excel or xml -- Hooray says kae
  • "Pull onshelf items with holds" will become a wizard -- no longer need to run reports
  • hold processing enhancements -- can check out copy 2 of a title which is on hold for someone else -- Hooray says kae
  • search by Date of Birth
  • SMS (text) messaging